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基于组织和个体视角的大学生角色压力探究. (2026). 教育学刊, 4(1), 166-175. https://doi.org/10.62836/jer.v4n1.1004
Copyright (c) 2026 张新建, 梁夏, 陈泳轩
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
基于组织和个体视角的大学生角色压力探究
张新建，梁夏，陈泳轩
东莞理工学院经济与管理学院，广东东莞
摘要：随着我国高等教育大众化和社会竞争的加剧，大学生的心理压力日益凸显，角色压力成为重要的压力源，对大学生学业成就、心理健康和职业发展产生巨大影响。本文基于角色理论框架，系统梳理了大学生角色压力的表现形式及复杂影响，从组织（学校）和个体（学生）的双重视角，深入分析了大学生角色压力的形成机制，提出了学校支持和个体调适相结合的双路径应对策略。本研究不仅深化了对大学生角色压力的理论认识，也为高校开展心理健康教育、提高学生压力管理的有效性提供了科学和系统的指导。
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[27] 谢宇奇,徐洪刚,刘娟.角色压力视角下大学生“创新创业—专业学习”冲突的纾解策略探究[J].创新创业理论研究与实践,2021,4(13):155-157+67.
[28] MOR BARAK M E, NISSLY J A, LEVIN A. Antecedents to retention and turnover among child welfare, social work, and other human service employees: What can we learn from past research? A review and metanalysis[J]. Social service review, 2001, 75(4): 625-661.
[29] ARNOLD T, FLAHERTY K E, VOSS K E, et al. Role stressors and retail performance: The role of perceived competitive climate[J]. Journal of Retailing, 2009, 85(2): 194-205.
[30] DUBINSKY A J, MATTSON B E. Consequences of role- conflict and ambiguity experienced by retail salespeople[J]. Journal of Retailing, 1979, 55(4): 70-86.
[31] DOLLARD M F, WINEFIELD H R, WINEFIELD A H, et al. Psychosocial job strain and productivity in human service workers: a test of the demand‐control‐support model[J]. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 2000, 73(4): 501-510.
[32] SCANDURA T A, WILLIAMS E A. Mentoring and transformational leadership: The role of supervisory career mentoring[J]. Journal of vocational behavior, 2004, 65(3): 448-468.
[33] BECK A T. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders[M]. Penguin, 1979.
[34] KABAT-ZINN J. Mindfulness-based interventions in context: past, present, and future[J]. 2003.
[35] SHERMAN D K, COHEN G L. The psychology of self‐defense: Self‐affirmation theory[J]. Advances in experimental social psychology, 2006, 38: 183-242.
[36] BETTENCOURT L A, BROWN S W. Role stressors and customer-oriented boundary-spanning behaviors in service organizations[J]. Journal of the academy of Marketing Science, 2003, 31(4): 394-408.
[37] GARROSA E, MORENO-JIMENEZ B, LIANG Y, et al. The relationship between socio-demographic variables, job stressors, burnout, and hardy personality in nurses: An exploratory study[J]. International journal of nursing studies, 2008, 45(3): 418-427.
[38] MADDI S R, HARVEY R H, KHOSHABA D M, et al. The personality construct of hardiness, III: Relationships with repression, innovativeness, authoritarianism, and performance[J]. Journal of personality, 2006, 74(2): 575-598.
[2] RIZZO J R, HOUSE R J, LIRTZMAN S I. Role conflict and ambiguity in complex organizations[J]. Administrative science quarterly, 1970: 150-163.
[3] KAHN R L, WOLFE D M, QUINN R P, et al. Organizational stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity[J]. 1964.
[4] ÖRTQVIST D, WINCENT J. Prominent consequences of role stress: a meta-analytic review[J]. International Journal of Stress Management, 2006, 13(4): 399.
[5] FORD N M, WALKER JR O C, CHURCHILL JR G A. Expectation-specific measures of the intersender conflict and role ambiguity experienced by industrial salesmen[J]. Journal of Business Research, 1975, 3(2): 95-112.
[6] SAGER J K. A structural model depicting salespeople’s job stress[J]. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 1994, 22(1): 74-84.
[7] BAKKER A B, DEMEROUTI E, EUWEMA M C. Job resources buffer the impact of job demands on burnout[J]. Journal of occupational health psychology, 2005, 10(2): 170.
[8] HSIEH P-C, SU H-F. Retention and attrition of certified care assistants in the long-term care industry from the Taipei area: An interview survey[J]. International journal of nursing studies, 2007, 44(1): 93-104.
[9] LAMBERT V A, LAMBERT C E. Literature review of role stress/strain on nurses: an international perspective[J]. Nursing & health sciences, 2001, 3(3): 161-172.
[10] JACKSON S E, SCHULER R S. A meta-analysis and conceptual critique of research on role ambiguity and role conflict in work settings[J]. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 1985, 36(1): 16-78.
[11] CHURCHILL JR G A, FORD N M, WALKER JR O C. Organizational climate and job satisfaction in the salesforce[J]. Journal of Marketing Research, 1976, 13(4): 323-332.
[12] SINGH J, RHOADS G K. Boundary role ambiguity in marketing-oriented positions: A multidimensional, multifaceted operationalization[J]. Journal of Marketing Research, 1991, 28(3): 328-338.
[13] COELHO F, AUGUSTO M, LAGES L F. Contextual factors and the creativity of frontline employees: The mediating effects of role stress and intrinsic motivation[J]. Journal of retailing, 2011, 87(1): 31-45.
[14] GILBOA S, SHIROM A, FRIED Y, et al. A meta‐analysis of work demand stressors and job performance: examining main and moderating effects[J]. Personnel psychology, 2008, 61(2): 227-271.
[15] 侯晓宇.角色压力的消极应对[D].吉林大学,2007.
[16] 姜晓光. 浅析大学生心理问题的诱因[J]. 林区教学,2008,(06):38-39.
[17] LAMBERT V A, LAMBERT C E, ITO M. Workplace stressors, ways of coping and demographic characteristics as predictors of physical and mental health of Japanese hospital nurses[J]. International journal of nursing studies, 2004, 41(1): 85-97.
[18] HARRIS K J, KACMAR K M. Too much of a good thing: The curvilinear effect of leader-member exchange on stress[J]. The Journal of social psychology, 2006, 146(1): 65-84.
[19] SHAVIT H, SHOUVAL R. Repression‐sensitization and processing of favorable and adverse information[J]. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1977, 33(4): 1041-1044.
[20] LAZARUS R S, FOLKMAN S. Stress, appraisal, and coping[M]. Springer publishing company, 1984.
[21] LUTHANS F, YOUSSEF-MORGAN C M. Psychological capital: An evidence-based positive approach[J]. Annual review of organizational psychology and organizational behavior, 2017, 4(1): 339-366.
[22] 张珊珊,岳云帆,崔枫楠,等.大学生的心理资本与成就动机及角色压力的相关性[J].中国多媒体与网络教学学报(上旬刊),2018,(03):121-122.
[23] MASLACH C, JACKSON S E. The measurement of experienced burnout[J]. Journal of organizational behavior, 1981, 2(2): 99-113.
[24] 沈雪慧.角色压力视角下大学生微信倦怠产生与影响研究[D].郑州大学,2022.
[25] TOPPINEN‐TANNER S, KALIMO R, MUTANEN P. The process of burnout in white‐collar and blue‐collar jobs: Eight‐year prospective study of exhaustion[J]. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 2002, 23(5): 555-570.
[26] WALKER JR O C, CHURCHILL JR G A, FORD N M. Organizational Determinants of the Industrial Salesman’s Role Conflict and Ambiguity: The right organizational structure and supervisory style can help salesmen understand their jobs, but they don’t reduce the conflicts experienced by salesmen[J]. Journal of Marketing, 1975, 39(1): 32-39.
[27] 谢宇奇,徐洪刚,刘娟.角色压力视角下大学生“创新创业—专业学习”冲突的纾解策略探究[J].创新创业理论研究与实践,2021,4(13):155-157+67.
[28] MOR BARAK M E, NISSLY J A, LEVIN A. Antecedents to retention and turnover among child welfare, social work, and other human service employees: What can we learn from past research? A review and metanalysis[J]. Social service review, 2001, 75(4): 625-661.
[29] ARNOLD T, FLAHERTY K E, VOSS K E, et al. Role stressors and retail performance: The role of perceived competitive climate[J]. Journal of Retailing, 2009, 85(2): 194-205.
[30] DUBINSKY A J, MATTSON B E. Consequences of role- conflict and ambiguity experienced by retail salespeople[J]. Journal of Retailing, 1979, 55(4): 70-86.
[31] DOLLARD M F, WINEFIELD H R, WINEFIELD A H, et al. Psychosocial job strain and productivity in human service workers: a test of the demand‐control‐support model[J]. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 2000, 73(4): 501-510.
[32] SCANDURA T A, WILLIAMS E A. Mentoring and transformational leadership: The role of supervisory career mentoring[J]. Journal of vocational behavior, 2004, 65(3): 448-468.
[33] BECK A T. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders[M]. Penguin, 1979.
[34] KABAT-ZINN J. Mindfulness-based interventions in context: past, present, and future[J]. 2003.
[35] SHERMAN D K, COHEN G L. The psychology of self‐defense: Self‐affirmation theory[J]. Advances in experimental social psychology, 2006, 38: 183-242.
[36] BETTENCOURT L A, BROWN S W. Role stressors and customer-oriented boundary-spanning behaviors in service organizations[J]. Journal of the academy of Marketing Science, 2003, 31(4): 394-408.
[37] GARROSA E, MORENO-JIMENEZ B, LIANG Y, et al. The relationship between socio-demographic variables, job stressors, burnout, and hardy personality in nurses: An exploratory study[J]. International journal of nursing studies, 2008, 45(3): 418-427.
[38] MADDI S R, HARVEY R H, KHOSHABA D M, et al. The personality construct of hardiness, III: Relationships with repression, innovativeness, authoritarianism, and performance[J]. Journal of personality, 2006, 74(2): 575-598.
