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基于生姜温中及TRPV1离子通道视角探析生姜中药功效新解. (2025). 环球医学研究, 2(2), 32-36. https://doi.org/10.62836/
Copyright (c) 2025 康伟聪，尹璐，杨阳
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
基于生姜温中及TRPV1离子通道视角探析生姜中药功效新解
康伟聪1，尹璐2，杨阳3,4*
1. 国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院，北京
2. 石家庄外国语教育集团国际课程中心，河北石家庄
3. 河北中医药大学，河北石家庄
4. 河北省心脑血管病中医药防治研究重点实验室，河北石家庄
摘要：生姜作为我国最为古老的药用植物之一，具有温中止呕、化痰解毒、散寒解表、调和胃肠、辛温益阳的功效。现代研究发现，瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V族1型（TRPV1）对生姜有效成分作用敏感。本文基于TRPV1离子通道，从改善吞咽功能、抑制胃酸分泌；防治癌症；促进肾上腺素分泌；诱导肠道内Na+ 吸收；调节免疫功能等角度对生姜的功效及部分含生姜的方剂功效进行全新解析。生姜的不同成分对TRPV1离子通道的激活调节可能是其对多种疾病发挥治疗作用的关键因素。
参考文献
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[2] Yang Shilong,Yang Fan,Wei Ningning,et al.A pain-inducing centipede toxin targets the heat activation machinery of nociceptor TRPV1[J].Nat Commun,2015,30(6):8297.
[3] Tominaga M,Caterina M J,Malmberg A B,et al.The cloned capsaicin receptor integrates multiple pain-producing stimuli[J]. Neuron,1998,21(3):531-543.
[4] Caterina M J,Schumacher M A, Tominaga M,et al.The capsaicin receptor: a heat-activated ion channel in the pain pathway[J]. Nature,1997,389(6653):816-24.
[5] 宋立人.现代中药学大辞典[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2001.
[6] 郁红礼,毛善虎,赵腾斐,等.姜辣素拮抗半夏凝集素蛋白刺激巨噬细胞所致炎症因子TNF-α释放增加、ROS过量生成及RIP3表达增高[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(18)：3630- 3635.
[7] 刘增亮,汪茜,宋娟,等.生姜共生真菌的分离及其体外抑菌效应初探[J].菌物学报,2019,38(11):1958-1964.
[8] 杨鹰,王爱民,石振艳,等.紫苏叶与生姜组合物在癌症放、化疗中止吐增效作用[J].中华中医药学刊,2015,33(02):355-357.
[9] 杜耀光,秦玉龙.邹澍辨治呕吐的临床经验[J].西部中医药,2017,30(02):41-42.
[10] 王婷婷,钟凌云.不同姜汁制黄连抑制胃黏膜损伤方面的机制分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(12):18-22.
[11] Vadim N. Dedov, Van H. Tran,Colin C. Duke,et al.Gingerols: a novel class of vanilloid receptor (VR1) agonists[J].British Journal of Pharmacology,2002,137:793-798.
[12] 王星,张燕玲,王耘,等.TRPV1离子通道与中药辛味药性的关系研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2014, 39(13): 2422-2427.
[13] Liao Maofu,Cao Erhu, Julius David,et al.Structure of the TRPV1 ion channel determined by electron cryo- microscopy[J]. Nature,2013,504(7478):107-112.
[14] Cao Erhu,Liao Maofu,Cheng Yifan,et al.TRPV1 structures in distinct conformations reveal activation mechanisms[J]. Nature,2013,504(7478):113-118.
[15] Gao Yuan,Cao Erhu, Julius David,et al.TRPV1 structures in nanodiscs reveal mechanisms of ligand and lipid action[J]. Nature,2016,534(7607): 347-351.
[16] Yang Fan,Xiao Xian,Cheng Wei,et al.Structural mechanism underlying capsaicin binding and activation of the TRPV1 ion channel[J].Nat Chem Biol,2015,11(7):518-524.
[17] Ohbuchi Katsuya,Mori Yoshikazu, Ogawa Kazuo,et al.Detailed Analysis of the Binding Mode of Vanilloids to Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type I (TRPV1) by a Mutational and Computational Study[J]. PLoS One,2016,11(9):e0162543.
[18] Yoshitomi Taichi,Oshima Naohiro,Goto Yuto,et al.The construction of prediction models for the TRPV1-stimulating activity of ginger and processed ginger based on LC- HRMS data and PLS regression analyses[J]. J Agric Food Chem,2017,65(17):3581-3588.
[19] Yin Yue, Dong Yawen, Vu Simon,et al.Structural mechanisms underlying activation of TRPV1 channels by pungent compounds in gingers[J]. Br J Pharmac ol,2019,176(17):3364-3377.
[20] Hirata Ayumu,Funato Hiroki,Nakai Megumi,et al.Ginger Orally Disintegrating Tablets to Improve Swallowing in Older People[J].Biol Pharm Bull,2016,39(7):1107-1111.
[21] Okumi Hirokuni,Tashima Kimihito,Matsumoto Kenjiro,et al.Dietary Agonists of TRPV1 Inhibit Gastric Acid Secretion in Mice[J]. Planta Med,2012,78(17):1801-1806.
[22] 罗安明,戎志斌.论癌症归属中医“痹痰”的范畴[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2015,21(01):14- 15.
[23] 常富业,王永炎.浅识王永炎院士论癌症[J].中华中医药杂志,2010,25(03):389-390.
[24] Geng Shengnan,Zheng Yaqiu,Meng Mingjing,et al.Gingerol Reverses the Cancer-Promoting Effect of Capsaicin by Increased TRPV1 Level in a Urethane-Induced Lung Carcinogenic Model[J]. JAgric Food Chem,2016,64(31):6203- 6211.
[25] Li Xiao-Hong,McGrath Kristine C Y,Tran Van H,et al.Identification of a Calcium Signalling Pathway of S-[6]- Gingerol in HuH-7 Cells[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013: 951758.
[26] Iwasaki Yusaku,Morita Akihito, Iwasawa Takahito,et al.A nonpungent component of steamed ginger--[10]-shogaol-- increases adrenaline secretion via the activation of TRPV1[J]. Nutr Neurosci, 2006,9,(3-4):169-178.
[27] Tsuchiya Y, Fujita R, Saitou A,et al.[6]-gingerol induces electrogenic sodium absorption in the rat colon via the capsaicin receptor TRPV1[J]. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology,2014, 60,(6):403-407.
[28] Schoenknecht Carola,Andersen Gaby,Schmidts Ines,et al.Quantitation of Gingerols in Human Plasma by Newly Developed Stable Isotope Dilution Assays and Assessment of Their Immunomodulatory Potential[J]. J Agric Food Chem,2016,64,(11):2269-2279.
[29] Khan Kainat,Singh Akanksha,Mittal Monika,et al.[6]- Gingerol induces bone loss in ovary intact adult mice and augments osteoclast function via the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel[J]. Mol Nutr Food Res,2012,56,(12):1860- 1873.